1 00:00:15,219 --> 00:00:17,676 My name is Robert McCoy, I'm an architect 2 00:00:17,711 --> 00:00:19,769 I have a bachelor of architecture 3 00:00:19,804 --> 00:00:23,218 from the University of California in Berkeley in 1963. 4 00:00:23,253 --> 00:00:27,796 I've been licensed in California since about 1964. 5 00:00:27,831 --> 00:00:31,865 From about 1965 until about 1985 most of my experience 6 00:00:31,900 --> 00:00:35,864 has been in high rise, multi-story steel buildings. 7 00:00:35,899 --> 00:00:39,365 The first major high rise building that I was involved with 8 00:00:39,400 --> 00:00:43,631 was the headquarters for Pacific Gas and Electric Company in San Francisco. 9 00:00:43,666 --> 00:00:45,824 It's a 34 story building, 10 00:00:45,859 --> 00:00:50,264 about a 1.250,000 square feet in the high rise portion. 11 00:00:50,299 --> 00:00:54,924 At about the same that the World Trade Center was designed and built in New York. 12 00:00:54,959 --> 00:00:59,081 In fact we corresponded with Yamasaki's office at the time 13 00:00:59,116 --> 00:01:03,203 to discuss certain aspects of their building and ours. 14 00:01:03,238 --> 00:01:05,676 Both buildings were designed for instance 15 00:01:05,711 --> 00:01:09,083 to resist the impact of an airplane flying into them. 16 00:01:09,118 --> 00:01:13,214 While with that firm in San Francisco, Hirsch and Knowles, 17 00:01:13,249 --> 00:01:17,275 I also participated in the design of 575 Market Street, 18 00:01:17,310 --> 00:01:21,085 a building for Standard Oil, one of their headquarters buildings. 19 00:01:21,120 --> 00:01:22,644 It was 44 stories. 20 00:01:22,679 --> 00:01:27,207 100 Pine Street which is 34 stories. 21 00:01:27,242 --> 00:01:32,138 And following PG&E I finished up the final design, redesign and construction 22 00:01:32,173 --> 00:01:36,352 of the St. Mary's hospital and medical center in San Francisco. 23 00:01:36,387 --> 00:01:40,497 Following that stint I was in private practice for a a period 24 00:01:40,532 --> 00:01:45,730 when William Perrera acquired my firm to give him a presence in San Francisco. 25 00:01:45,765 --> 00:01:51,065 He had a couple of high rise buildings to do, one of which was One Sansum 26 00:01:51,100 --> 00:01:55,311 which was initially designed as a 54 story building, 27 00:01:55,346 --> 00:02:01,060 subsequently reduced to about 44 stories when Citicorp came into the project. 28 00:02:01,095 --> 00:02:05,338 As those buildings were under way I was needed in Los Angeles 29 00:02:05,373 --> 00:02:07,710 and relocated to southern California 30 00:02:07,745 --> 00:02:12,241 where I was the project director and chief operating officer for the joint venture 31 00:02:12,276 --> 00:02:16,227 for the design and construction of the Tom Bradley International Terminal 32 00:02:16,262 --> 00:02:18,855 at Los Angeles International Airport. 33 00:02:18,890 --> 00:02:21,332 That building is about a million square feet. 34 00:02:21,367 --> 00:02:23,739 It depends upon where you measure it, 35 00:02:23,774 --> 00:02:27,522 but it's a good, solid 5 story steel frame building. 36 00:02:27,557 --> 00:02:31,009 The footprint on the departure level for instance 37 00:02:31,044 --> 00:02:34,427 is in excess of 3 football fields side by side. 38 00:02:34,462 --> 00:02:37,504 It's a pretty good size open air steel framed building. 39 00:02:37,539 --> 00:02:44,194 Those buildings in New York have a very strong exterior skin. 40 00:02:44,229 --> 00:02:50,849 The columns are 3 foot 4 on center and they're about 14 inches wide. 41 00:02:50,884 --> 00:02:55,867 There's about a 42 inch spandrel at each floor of steel. 42 00:02:55,902 --> 00:02:59,372 The net opening where the window is, 43 00:02:59,407 --> 00:03:02,842 if you discount the fireproofing and the rest of it 44 00:03:02,877 --> 00:03:06,277 is forty or fifty percent of the exterior skin. 45 00:03:06,312 --> 00:03:09,192 When those planes hit those buildings, 46 00:03:09,227 --> 00:03:13,300 they were shredded the moment they started into the building. 47 00:03:13,335 --> 00:03:18,843 Most of the fuel, most of the plane was torn apart 48 00:03:18,878 --> 00:03:21,489 as it went through the outside skin. 49 00:03:21,524 --> 00:03:24,066 I've seen photographs since that show 50 00:03:24,101 --> 00:03:30,115 that the columns and some of the beams were severed in the North Tower. 51 00:03:30,150 --> 00:03:36,129 Which was I guess not surprising considering the force of the impact, 52 00:03:36,164 --> 00:03:40,306 the weight of the plane and the speed. 53 00:03:40,341 --> 00:03:44,546 But the diagrams that I've seen show that those planes were in the... 54 00:03:44,581 --> 00:03:48,819 That everyone else has concluded the same thing I had the planes were shredded. 55 00:03:48,854 --> 00:03:50,871 The fireball was on the outside. 56 00:03:50,906 --> 00:03:56,074 The impact shredding the plane would create enough heat to explode that fuel. 57 00:03:56,109 --> 00:03:59,497 And that fuel moving at 500, 550 miles an hour 58 00:03:59,532 --> 00:04:03,064 as whatever's left is going through the building 59 00:04:03,099 --> 00:04:06,894 or on the outside is seeking oxygen to explode and burn. 60 00:04:06,929 --> 00:04:10,706 It was gone in moments after it hit the building. 61 00:04:10,741 --> 00:04:13,784 So in rethinking it, 62 00:04:13,819 --> 00:04:19,275 I discovered that there were others who had had similar thoughts. 63 00:04:19,310 --> 00:04:24,731 That's when I came across Architects and Engineers for 9/11 Truth. 64 00:04:24,766 --> 00:04:31,273 Let's talk a little bit about the impact on the two towers. 65 00:04:31,308 --> 00:04:37,648 On the North Tower the plane took out about 60 columns or so. 66 00:04:37,683 --> 00:04:43,989 I read somewhere about 60% of the columns and some of the beams. 67 00:04:44,024 --> 00:04:47,209 But the building didn't deform and collapse. 68 00:04:47,244 --> 00:04:53,084 The nature of the steel frame for that exterior skin supporting the exterior wall 69 00:04:53,119 --> 00:04:56,564 of that of those buildings is a truss. 70 00:04:56,599 --> 00:04:58,669 It's a solid truss. 71 00:04:58,704 --> 00:05:01,198 They got columns at 3 foot 4 on center 72 00:05:01,233 --> 00:05:08,755 and you've got 48 inch deep spandrel beams at 12 foot on center 73 00:05:08,790 --> 00:05:12,631 and they're all welded together, they're put together in a group 74 00:05:12,666 --> 00:05:18,045 and erected in the building in tiers three floors high several bays wide. 75 00:05:18,080 --> 00:05:22,173 The buildings were solid. 76 00:05:22,208 --> 00:05:26,991 They lost columns, they lost beams but the buildings didn't collapse. 77 00:05:27,026 --> 00:05:31,775 On the South tower the building was hit pretty well towards a corner 78 00:05:31,810 --> 00:05:36,374 and it took out the columns along one wall. 79 00:05:36,409 --> 00:05:41,936 And the building began to cave in, as we saw in the videos. 80 00:05:41,971 --> 00:05:46,855 The top leaned over and began to twist before it started going down. 81 00:05:46,890 --> 00:05:51,740 Now we have the mass of that building from up above coming down. 82 00:05:51,775 --> 00:05:58,135 It's going to begin to impact the whole building 83 00:05:58,170 --> 00:06:01,542 as it comes as everyone has described. 84 00:06:01,577 --> 00:06:05,952 But it's going to come down in a pancake fashion, 85 00:06:05,987 --> 00:06:10,601 in a staccato kind of a way: bang, bang, bang, bang, bang as it comes. 86 00:06:10,636 --> 00:06:14,634 It's not going to come as a smooth fall. 87 00:06:14,669 --> 00:06:19,367 And you're going to see puffs of pulverizing concrete 88 00:06:19,402 --> 00:06:23,635 each time a series of floors hits another floor. 89 00:06:23,670 --> 00:06:31,970 I didn't see that, I saw billowing clouds of dust when I viewed the videos. 90 00:06:32,005 --> 00:06:40,271 Keep in mind the steel supporting this building in the middle is very strong. 91 00:06:40,306 --> 00:06:44,384 Those columns were probably 4 times as strong as they needed to be 92 00:06:44,419 --> 00:06:47,314 to support the dead weight above them. 93 00:06:47,349 --> 00:06:52,878 So now you have this building coming down in a staccato, pancaking effect, 94 00:06:52,913 --> 00:06:55,628 or that's what we're lead to believe 95 00:06:55,663 --> 00:06:59,392 and the columns below are just simply not there, 96 00:06:59,427 --> 00:07:01,411 not resisting it, not stopping it. 97 00:07:01,446 --> 00:07:03,430 And they came all the way to the ground. 98 00:07:03,465 --> 00:07:08,450 From what I understand, the buildings actually accelerated as they came down, 99 00:07:08,485 --> 00:07:11,012 meaning they were not getting resistance 100 00:07:11,047 --> 00:07:14,835 from these massive columns in the center of the core of this building. 101 00:07:14,870 --> 00:07:17,453 The core of this building was very heavy. 102 00:07:17,488 --> 00:07:21,757 True, it was a lot of holes, mostly holes, mostly voids, 103 00:07:21,792 --> 00:07:26,744 but it had beams in all directions and it had columns on a fairly regular spacing. 104 00:07:26,779 --> 00:07:31,051 Something on the order of magnitude of 33, 35 feet on center, 105 00:07:31,086 --> 00:07:33,844 some of them closer together than that. 106 00:07:33,879 --> 00:07:36,568 So it's accelerating as it's coming down. 107 00:07:36,603 --> 00:07:39,632 There's not meeting resistance from all of the columns, 108 00:07:39,667 --> 00:07:42,169 these massive columns inside the building. 109 00:07:42,204 --> 00:07:45,964 And when you get to the bottom of the building, they're huge columns. 110 00:07:45,999 --> 00:07:48,906 Where were those columns? 111 00:07:48,941 --> 00:07:51,779 Why weren't they resisting 112 00:07:51,814 --> 00:07:56,814 and punching through the mass of the building coming down from above? 113 00:07:56,849 --> 00:07:57,987 Where were they? 114 00:07:58,022 --> 00:08:00,796 Let's go back again to the top of the building. 115 00:08:00,831 --> 00:08:05,656 Remember I mentioned that the top began to buckle over and twist. 116 00:08:05,691 --> 00:08:10,930 If this building were truly severely damaged 117 00:08:10,965 --> 00:08:16,867 at the floors where the plane went through 118 00:08:16,902 --> 00:08:22,735 and came down as an intact block above that, 119 00:08:22,770 --> 00:08:29,141 I would've expected the twisting and the tipping to have continued. 120 00:08:29,176 --> 00:08:34,301 I really would've expected the top section to have continued to veer off 121 00:08:34,336 --> 00:08:36,792 in the direction it was headed. 122 00:08:36,827 --> 00:08:41,992 It would've gone over the edge and started down top first. 123 00:08:42,027 --> 00:08:43,596 That didn't happen. 124 00:08:43,631 --> 00:08:46,285 So when we return to Building 1 125 00:08:46,320 --> 00:08:52,488 the first notice of failure appears to be the television antenna on top 126 00:08:52,523 --> 00:08:54,301 coming down into the building. 127 00:08:54,336 --> 00:08:56,958 It's coming down in the middle of the building 128 00:08:56,993 --> 00:09:03,519 where the building is mostly holes for elevators, duct shafts, pipe shafts, 129 00:09:03,554 --> 00:09:05,046 and that sort of thing. 130 00:09:05,081 --> 00:09:08,150 There's nothing in the middle of the building to burn. 131 00:09:08,185 --> 00:09:16,183 How did that steel soften enough to allow the television mast 132 00:09:16,218 --> 00:09:21,389 to sink almost straight down into the building 133 00:09:21,424 --> 00:09:23,914 and then the building began to collapse? 134 00:09:23,949 --> 00:09:27,107 Next when we talk about Building 7; 135 00:09:27,142 --> 00:09:30,230 that building wasn't hit by a plane. 136 00:09:30,265 --> 00:09:37,962 We were told that there were fuel tanks to run emergency generators. 137 00:09:37,997 --> 00:09:41,213 The fuel, according to the NIST study, 138 00:09:41,248 --> 00:09:46,415 wasn't a contributing factor to the collapse. 139 00:09:47,094 --> 00:09:49,733 Their theory is office furnishings. 140 00:09:49,768 --> 00:09:53,955 The photos don't seem to show that the building was burning all over. 141 00:09:53,990 --> 00:09:56,480 The photo's I've seen seem to indicate 142 00:09:56,515 --> 00:10:00,549 that there were isolated fires scattered around the building 143 00:10:00,584 --> 00:10:04,036 and not the whole building burning. 144 00:10:04,071 --> 00:10:08,091 NIST would have us to believe that these were typical office fires, 145 00:10:08,126 --> 00:10:12,111 scattered office fires if you will, brought this building down. 146 00:10:12,146 --> 00:10:15,016 Burned for a period of 6 hours or so. 147 00:10:15,914 --> 00:10:18,284 Typical office furnishing, 148 00:10:18,319 --> 00:10:22,699 isolated office furnishings would burn for 20, 30 minutes or so 149 00:10:22,734 --> 00:10:26,383 and spread over time, burn out in one area, 150 00:10:26,418 --> 00:10:30,730 begin to burn more in another area as the fire spread. 151 00:10:30,765 --> 00:10:34,043 In a building like this, to have burned 6 hours 152 00:10:34,078 --> 00:10:37,310 it would've had to burn through quite a number of floors. 153 00:10:37,345 --> 00:10:41,644 It would've been visible on the outside as the fire leapt up from floor to floor 154 00:10:41,679 --> 00:10:47,500 going up as it has been in other buildings like the First Interstate Tower 155 00:10:47,535 --> 00:10:49,630 when it burned in Los Angeles. 156 00:10:49,665 --> 00:10:54,474 That doesn't seem to be the case with Building 7. 157 00:10:54,509 --> 00:10:56,646 It appears from watching the videos 158 00:10:56,681 --> 00:10:59,480 that there were isolated fires on several floors 159 00:10:59,515 --> 00:11:02,721 but they weren't leaping up the outside of the building. 160 00:11:02,756 --> 00:11:04,800 Once this building begins to break, 161 00:11:04,835 --> 00:11:09,264 and then it begins to fall with the acceleration of gravity. 162 00:11:09,299 --> 00:11:11,935 The building is accelerating as it comes down. 163 00:11:11,970 --> 00:11:16,268 There's no resistance until the building gets down maybe half way and 164 00:11:16,303 --> 00:11:20,567 and finally is beginning to encounter maybe some of its own debris, 165 00:11:20,602 --> 00:11:23,768 lower down in the building. 166 00:11:23,803 --> 00:11:27,882 But it still comes to the ground in a very short order. 167 00:11:27,917 --> 00:11:32,070 And when it's all finished, the outside walls from the lower floors 168 00:11:32,105 --> 00:11:36,223 are piled one on top of another right in the middle of the building. 169 00:11:36,258 --> 00:11:39,056 Just like a house of cards if it were coming down. 170 00:11:39,091 --> 00:11:42,688 I find that a little hard to believe. 171 00:11:42,723 --> 00:11:45,609 If this building were to have collapsed due to fire, 172 00:11:45,644 --> 00:11:49,734 I would have expected it to behave much more like a fire in your fireplace. 173 00:11:49,769 --> 00:11:53,067 If you build a fire in your fireplace and you light it 174 00:11:53,102 --> 00:11:57,785 as it burns and the heat begins to build, 175 00:11:57,820 --> 00:12:01,821 you'll get a localized failure here and then a localized failure there 176 00:12:01,856 --> 00:12:04,759 and the logs will shift a little and shift around 177 00:12:04,794 --> 00:12:09,573 and over time all of the logs will become fully engulfed in flame. 178 00:12:09,608 --> 00:12:14,352 It'll get hot in the middle and they'll slowly burn themselves away 179 00:12:14,387 --> 00:12:18,117 until ultimately you get a total collapse. 180 00:12:18,152 --> 00:12:21,286 But the fire is fully engulfing and involving 181 00:12:21,321 --> 00:12:24,385 all of the wood that's left in the fireplace. 182 00:12:24,420 --> 00:12:28,186 Keep this in mind, that's wood burning in a fireplace. 183 00:12:28,221 --> 00:12:31,006 Or wood burning in a wood-framed building. 184 00:12:31,041 --> 00:12:35,169 It's not steel which doesn't burn. 185 00:12:35,204 --> 00:12:39,933 Especially steel that is covered in fireproofing. 186 00:12:39,968 --> 00:12:43,000 There's no indication that I've seen 187 00:12:43,035 --> 00:12:46,306 that the fireproofing was removed from Building 7. 188 00:12:46,341 --> 00:12:52,837 Further, since the mid 60's I've tried to follow high rise fires 189 00:12:52,872 --> 00:12:57,535 because they're something we worry a lot about as we design these buildings. 190 00:12:57,570 --> 00:13:00,645 And I'm not aware of any high rise building 191 00:13:00,680 --> 00:13:03,686 that has come down as a result of fires. 192 00:13:03,721 --> 00:13:09,831 Even though some of these fires have been much hotter, much longer lasting. 193 00:13:09,866 --> 00:13:13,742 The First Interstate fire was very hot in Los Angeles, 194 00:13:13,777 --> 00:13:17,408 as a high rise fire goes. 195 00:13:17,443 --> 00:13:24,984 I can't remember even a partial collapse in any of these buildings 196 00:13:25,019 --> 00:13:29,069 that I've watched over the years. 197 00:13:29,104 --> 00:13:34,032 I started in San Francisco doing high rise buildings 198 00:13:34,067 --> 00:13:36,865 because that was a special interest of mine. 199 00:13:36,900 --> 00:13:40,893 I paid close attention to them for the last 40, 45 years 200 00:13:40,928 --> 00:13:45,059 and I think that's probably why I'm still interested 201 00:13:45,094 --> 00:13:48,092 in what happened at the World Trade Center. 202 00:13:48,127 --> 00:13:53,050 Something about the way those buildings came down 203 00:13:53,085 --> 00:13:57,263 doesn't add up in my mind. 204 00:13:57,298 --> 00:14:02,447 There was a lot of good work that I've seen in what few things I've seen in NIST. 205 00:14:02,482 --> 00:14:08,963 But when you look at the whole is when it begins to fall apart. 206 00:14:08,998 --> 00:14:13,617 How can those massive steel columns 207 00:14:13,652 --> 00:14:21,706 that are supporting the weight of that building virtually disappear? 208 00:14:21,741 --> 00:14:26,305 Why aren't they poking up straight out of that rubble 209 00:14:26,340 --> 00:14:28,120 at the bottom of the building?